Mcmichael Canadian Art Collection Library Archives on

Art museum in Ontario, Canada

McMichael Canadian Art Collection

Entrance to the principal building
Established	8 July 1965; 56 years ago  (1965-07-08) [note 1]
Location	10365 Islington Avenue Vaughan, Ontario, Canada
Coordinates	43°50′27″Due north 79°37′31″W  /  43.840776°N 79.625205°W  / 43.840776; -79.625205 Coordinates: 43°50′27″N 79°37′31″Due west  /  43.840776°Due north 79.625205°W  / 43.840776; -79.625205
Type	Art museum
Visitors	105,208[note 2] [1]
Director	Ian Dejardin (Executive Director) [2]
Curator	Sarah Milroy (Main Curator) [3]
Architect	Leo Venchiarutti
Owner	Government of Ontario
Website	mcmichael.com

The McMichael Canadian Art Collection (MCAC) is an art museum in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. The museum is located on a 40 hectares (100 acres) holding in Kleinburg, an unincorporated village in Vaughan. The property includes the museum's 7,900 foursquare metres (85,000 sq ft) main edifice, a sculpture garden, walking trails, and the cemetery for six members of the Group of 7.

The drove dates back to 1955, when Robert and Signe McMichael began to collect works from artists associated to the Group of Vii, exhibiting their works at their dwelling in Kleinburg. In 1965, the McMichaels formally reached an agreement to donate their collection and their Kleinburg belongings to the Regime of Ontario in guild to establish an fine art museum. The establishment was opened to the public as the McMichael Conservation Collection of Art in 1966. The museum was formally incorporated into the McMichael Canadian Fine art Drove in 1972. Although the museum was originally established with an institutional focus on the Group of Seven, the museum's mandate was afterwards expanded to include gimmicky Canadian art, and art from indigenous Canadians.

The museum's permanent collection includes over 6,500 works from Canadian artists. In addition to its permanent collections, the institution likewise serves as the custodians for the archives of works on paper by Inuit artists based in Kinngait. The museum organizes and hosts a number of travelling fine art exhibitions, typically focused on Canadian art.

History [edit]

In 1951 Robert and Signe McMichael purchased a 10 acres (iv.0 hectares) plot of land in Kleinburg, Ontario.^[iv] A home was subsequently built in 1954, with the McMichaels moving into the property.^[v] The McMichaels began acquiring works by artists of the Group of Seven for their personal collection, with the kickoff being a painting past Tom Thomson, caused for C$250 in 1955.^[6] In 1962, the McMichaels acquired Tom Thomson'south studio situated outside the Studio Building in Toronto, and relocated information technology to their property to begin restorations on it.^[4] Past 1965, the McMichaels' personal drove independent 194 paintings either purchased or donated to them.^[7]

The Tom Thomson Studio was relocated onto the property in 1962

The McMichaels began exhibiting their works on their Kleinburg belongings during the weekends, although growing number of visitors led the McMichaels to consider establishing a public a "shrine" dedicated to the Group of Seven.^{[v] [8]} On 18 November 1965, the McMichaels and the Government of Ontario reached an agreement, where the McMichaels would donate the collection, and the property to the authorities, who would maintain the grounds, and maintain the "spirit of the collection".^{[5] [ix]} Every bit a part of the agreement, the McMichaels would maintain a degree of curatorial control, occupy two of the 5 seats in the museum's Lath of Trustees, and permission to continue inhabiting the property, and exist cached there.^[6] The McMichaels continued to reside on the property until museum operations fabricated it no longer possible; with the Authorities of Ontario providing them a home in Caledon.^[6]

In the months after the agreement was fabricated, work was undertaken to re-purpose the property into an art museum, and gear up the exhibits for its drove.^[10] The property was formally opened to the public on 8 July 1966 as the McMichael Conservation Collection of Art.^[7] Robert McMichael served as the museum'southward first director, holding the position until resigning in 1981.^[11]

In 1968, Grouping of Seven member A. Y. Jackson suggested that the museum serve as the burying ground for himself, and other members of the grouping.^[eight] The proposal was later accepted by the museum, with a cemetery for Group of Vii members prepared on the holding of the museum.^[8] Presently before his expiry, Jackson spent a significant portion of his time painting on the property,^[12] and serving as the institution'south artist-in-residence.^[5]

In 1969, the museum's mandate was amended to expand the scope of the museum'due south drove and scope to include works of like nature that reflect the "cultural heritage of Canada"; with approval from Robert McMichael, and the Premier of Ontario, John Robarts.^[thirteen] An increase in omnipresence rates, and its collection led to the institution existence formally incorporated as a crown corporation of Ontario on 30 November 1972, when the McMichael Canadian Art Collection Act received Majestic Assent.^[9] In 1981, the museum's Board of Governors formally requested the province to meliorate the institution's governing act, and so information technology is governed only by the 1972 act, and not past the 1965 agreement equally well.^[14] The post-obit dispute led to Robert McMichael's resignation equally the museum's managing director, and an subpoena to the Act in 1982 that named McMichael equally the institution'southward "Founder, Director-Emeritus," and elevated the importance of indigenous Canadian works in its collection.^[xiv]

In the 1990s, the Robert McMichael challenged the Board and the province that it had deviated from its original mandate agreed upon. In McMichael 5. Ontario, the court originally ruled that changes to the museum'southward mandate should not have been permitted.^[15] The decision was after overturned in the Court of Appeal for Ontario in 1997; and the Supreme Court of Canada dismissing an appeal to that ruling in 1998.^[16] Failing to assert the original agreement through judicial means, the McMichaels successfully lobbied Member of Provincial Parliament Helen Johns to introduce a bill that would reassert it.^[sixteen] on 2 November 2000, Bill 112 received Royal Assent, alteration the museum's mandate to better reflect the original mandate of showcasing Canadian landscape fine art, specially works by the Group of 7.^[xvi]

After proposals were submitted by the museum's Board of Directors, and the Fenwick family, the closest living relatives to the deceased McMichaels, Bill 118 received Purple Assent in June 2011, expanding the museum's mandate to include contemporary Canadian, and indigenous Canadian artists, in addition to artists associated with the Group of Seven.^[17] The 2011 subpoena to the governing act of the museum besides removed art advisory committee, and restrictions to the museum's exhibition mandate.^[17]

Grounds [edit]

The grounds of the museum include the Pine Cottage building, which houses the establishment's art studio

The McMichael Canadian Art Drove is situated in Kleinburg, an unincorporated village in Vaughan, Ontario. The grounds of the museum is in a twoscore hectares (100 acres) conservation area of the Humber River Valley, and also serves as a floodplain for the area.^[18] The landscape itself was partially crafted by the McMichaels, and later the Government of Ontario, to help complement the museum's drove; with the McMichaels planting over 500 cedar trees in the area to help recreate the landscapes typically painted by the Grouping of Seven.^[nineteen]

Buildings located on the grounds include the museum'southward main building, the Coming together House, Pine Cottage, and Tom Thomson'south studio. Pine Cottage houses the institution's art studio.^[20] In addition to the structures, the grounds also contains a number of walking trails, a sculpture garden, and the McMichael cemetery.^[xviii] The Ivan Eyre Sculpture Garden, and cemetery is located west of the buildings, with the sculpture garden exhibiting works from its permanent collection, and works on loan to the museum.^[21] Half dozen members of the Group of Seven are interred at the McMichael cemetery, including A. J. Casson, Lawren Harris, A. Y. Jackson, Frank Johnston, Arthur Lismer, and Frederick Varley.^[8]

Main building [edit]

The museum's main edifice was designed by Ontario-based architect, Leo Venchiarutti, and was completed in 1954.^[6] The museum's main building was expanded several times in 1963, 1967, 1969, and 1972,^[6] In 1981 to 1983, the museum's primary building was closed to the public in club to facilitate a C$x.four million renovation,^[6] although no major piece of work has been done to the building since so.^[22] The main edifice is approximately 7,900 foursquare metres (85,000 sq ft).^[23] The main building was initially named Tapawingo, allegedly significant place of joy in either Haida or Ojibwe language.^[6]

The G Hall, an event space situated in museum'south primary building

The building has log and barn-board walls, and field-rock fireplaces in an endeavour to recreate the "atmosphere" of Canadian landscape art; in addition to a floor-to-drinking glass ceiling windows that provide a view of the Humber River Valley.^[5] The main building includes fourteen viewing halls, a gift store, and a restaurant.^[five] The Western Canada Gallery in the main building contains a twoscore-foot-long cedar bench, and reddish cedar arches, both of which contains images carved by Doug Cranmer.^[24] Even so, the principal building does not incorporate a large loading dock, preventing the institution from exhibiting large-calibration installation artworks in the building.^[25]

Permanent collection [edit]

The McMichael Canadian Art Collection is one of the but fine art museums whose permanent collection contains works exclusively past Canadian artists.^[26] The permanent collection originates from the personal drove started by Robert and Signe McMichael in 1955; who later donated information technology to the province of Ontario in 1965.^[5] At the time the McMichaels donated their collection, its contained 187 works.^[27] The museum has since expanded this collection to include vi,500 works equally of December 2017.^{[28] [29]} The museum's permanent collection is organized into four collection areas, contemporary art, Starting time Nations fine art, the Group of Seven, and Inuit art.^[29]

Sculptures past Ivan Eyre are exhibited at the sculpture garden

Although the museum's original mandate placed a focus on Canadian mural art, and the Group of Seven, it has since expanded to include other Canadian artists, including indigenous Canadians. As of 2011, the museum'south mandate is to acquire and preserve works for the collection, by artists who have made a contribution to the development of Canadian art, with a focus on the Group of Seven and their contemporaries and on the indigenous Canadians.^[xxx] In addition to artists associated with the Group of Seven, the museum's permanent collection also contains works from Cornelius Krieghoff, David Milne, and Robert Pilot.^[31] In November 2014, the museum was bequeathed 50 paintings from artists based in Quebec. French Canadian artists whose works are in the McMichael'south permanent collection include Paul-Émile Borduas, Marc-Aurèle de Foy Suzor-Coté, Marc-Aurèle Fortin, Clarence Gagnon, Rita Letendre, Jean Paul Lemieux, and Jean-Paul Riopelle.^[31]

The museum'southward gimmicky collection was formally started in 2011, when the museum'due south mandate was expanded to include gimmicky art,^[32] although a number of works in the gimmicky drove area were caused by the establishment prior to 2011.^[ten] Canadian artists featured in the gimmicky art collection includes Jack Bush, Colleen Heslin, Sarah Anne Johnson, Terence Koh, and Mary Pratt.^[32] The museum likewise exhibits a number of sculptures within its outdoor sculpture garden, including nine sculptures past Ivan Eyre.^[21]

Indigenous Canadian art [edit]

When Cultures Encounter, by Don Yeomans, is a totem pole in the museum'south collection

The museum was one of the first fine art museums to include works by ethnic Canadian in its collection.^[11] In 1957, the McMichaels purchased their first work by a Haida artist, Nib Reid.^[26] The McMichaels' personal collection of Inuit stone carvings, and West Coast First Nations forest carvings, masks, and totem poles were donated to the province as a role of the 1965 agreement.^[27] By 1981, approximately 42 per cent of works in the permanent drove were works past ethnic Canadian artists.^[26]

A number of indigenous artworks in the museum's collection was acquired between 1982 and 2000, when the museum's mandate was amended to include ethnic Canadian fine art into its definition of "Canadian cultural heritage".^[11] The museum's collection of works past indigenous Canadian was expanded to include contemporary artworks in the 1990s, with the museum establishing its beginning First Nations curator-in-residence in 1994.^[24] In 2000, the museum'southward mandate was amended once more, reverting the museum's focus to the Group of Seven and their contemporaries; resulting in the removal of most ethnic Canadian works from the museum'southward exhibits.^[33] Ethnic Canadian works in the collection remained in storage from 2000 to 2004, when works by ethnic Canadian artists were exhibited in the museum'south viewing spaces once again.^[34] Indigenous Canadian art was reintroduced into the museum's mandate post-obit an amendment to the institution's governing human action in 2011.^[17]

Library and archives [edit]

The museum is also dwelling house to a library and archives whose holdings include artist files, books, exhibition catalogues, letters, periodicals, and photographs. The museum'due south holdings specializes in the Grouping of Seven and ethnic Canadian art.^[35]

The archives includes a number of specialized collections. The Arthur Lismer Drove was ancestral to the museum past Lismer, and contains a number of documents and works from the 1890s to the late 1960s.^[35] The Lismer collection includes over 900 drawings, cartoons and sketches; 1300 original photographs; documents published past Lismer, besides every bit books.^[35] The Norman Hallendy Archives was completed in 2015 contains over 12,000 photographs past Hallendy, too equally sound and video recordings, maps, books, and enquiry files on Inuit civilisation in southwest Baffin Isle.^[36]

The archives also houses over 100,000 drawings, prints, and sculptures from the West Baffin Eskimo Co-operative Ltd., an creative person collective based in Cape Dorset, Nunavut.^[37] The commonage'due south works were moved to the McMichael's archive on a long-term loan in 1992, after a fire destroyed the collective's studio building^[37] The museum has digitized approximately works produced by the collective from 1959 to 1988.^[38]

Selected works [edit]

Notes [edit]

1. ^ The following appointment is when the institution was first established as a publicly-managed institution. The institution was opened to the public on 8 July 1966, and was formally incorporated into a crown corporation on thirty November 1972. The institution's permanent drove originates from the private collection of Robert and Signe McMichael, which was started in 1955.
2. ^ Total omnipresence from April 2018 to March 2019.

See likewise [edit]

• List of art museums
• Listing of museums in Ontario

References [edit]

1. ^ "Alphabetic character from the Executive Director" (PDF). McMichael Canadian Art Collection 2018–19 Annual Written report. McMichael Canadian Fine art Drove. 2019. p. iv.
2. ^ "Board and Staff". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Drove. 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
3. ^ "Sarah Milroy". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Drove. 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
4. ^ ^{a b} Knopf 2008, p. 183.
5. ^ ^{a b c d due east f g} "McMichael Canadian Art Collection". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. 4 March 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
6. ^ ^{a b c d e f k} Adams, James (20 Nov 2015). "The fraught and trigger-happy legacy of the McMichaels' cultural vision". The Globe and Mail. The Woodbridge Visitor. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
7. ^ ^{a b} "Our History". McMichael Canadian Art Collection. 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
8. ^ ^{a b c d} Larsen 2009, p. 210.
9. ^ ^{a b} Knopf 2008, p. 186.
10. ^ ^{a b} Adams, James (12 August 2016). "McMichael Canadian Art Collection bets big on past for 50th anniversary". The Earth and Mail. The Woodbridge Company. Retrieved 7 Dec 2019.
11. ^ ^{a b c} Knopf 2008, p. 159.
12. ^ Larsen 2009, p. 221.
13. ^ Knopf 2008, p. 164.
14. ^ ^{a b} Knopf 2008, p. 165.
15. ^ Knopf 2008, p. 184.
16. ^ ^{a b c} Knopf 2008, p. 168.
17. ^ ^{a b c} Whyte, Murray (three May 2011). "McMichael Drove: Legal straitjacket to be loosened". Toronto Star. Torstar Corporation.
18. ^ ^{a b} "Grounds". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Collection. 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
19. ^ McLoughlin, Moira (1999). Museums and the Representation of Native Canadians: Negotiating the Borders of Culture. Taylor & Francis. p. 179. ISBN0-8153-2988-1.
20. ^ "Painting Studio". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Drove. 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
21. ^ ^{a b} "Outdoor Art". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Drove. 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
22. ^ "McMichael Canadian Fine art Collection 2015/16 Business organisation Program" (PDF). mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Collection. 2015. Retrieved 29 Nov 2019.
23. ^ "McGuinty government celebrates 40th anniversary of McMichael Canadian Art Drove". news.ontario.ca. Queen'due south Printer for Ontario. 17 Nov 2005. Retrieved 29 Nov 2019.
24. ^ ^{a b} Knopf 2008, p. 162.
25. ^ Whyte, Murray (11 June 2016). "At the McMichael, an anniversary makes peace with a complicated history". Toronto Star. Torstar Corporation. Retrieved 7 Dec 2019.
26. ^ ^{a b c} Knopf 2008, p. 161.
27. ^ ^{a b} Knopf 2008, p. 163.
28. ^ Hunt, Nigel (26 December 2017). "'The globe needs Canadian fine art. I'm going to give it to them,' says new caput of McMichael gallery". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 7 Dec 2019.
29. ^ ^{a b} "Collection". McMichael Canadian Art Collection. 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
30. ^ "McMichael Canadian Fine art Collection Amendment Deed, 2011, S.O. 2011, c. 16 - Nib 188". ontario.ca. Queen's Printer of Ontario. 2019. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
31. ^ ^{a b} Adams, James (14 November 2014). "La belle province takes its place at the McMichael gallery: See l works from master Quebec artists". The Globe and Mail. The Woodbridge Visitor. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
32. ^ ^{a b} "Gimmicky Art". McMichael Canadian Fine art Collection. 2018. Retrieved vii December 2019.
33. ^ Knopf 2008, p. 171–172.
34. ^ Knopf 2008, p. 172.
35. ^ ^{a b c} "Library & Athenaeum". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Art Collection. 2018. Retrieved one December 2019.
36. ^ Morita, Linda (2018). "The Norman Hallendy Archives". mcmichael.com. McMichael Canadian Fine art Collection. Retrieved i December 2019.
37. ^ ^{a b} "Inuit Fine art". McMichael Canadian Art Collection. 2018. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
38. ^ Allford, Jennifer (26 September 2019). "Exploring south Baffin Isle's fine art, civilisation and wild fauna". Vancouver Sun. Postmedia Network Inc. Retrieved 7 December 2019.

Further reading [edit]

• Knopf, Kerstin (2008). Ancient Canada Revisited. University of Ottawa Press. ISBN0-7766-1776-1.
• Larsen, Wayne (2009). A.Y. Jackson: The Life of a Landscape Painter. Dundurn. ISBNone-7707-0452-3.

External links [edit]

• Official website

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMichael_Canadian_Art_Collection

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